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Clarence
Kvart
recorded
his first Phonocardiogram for teaching purposes in 1972 as a junior
Assistant at the Department of Physiology at the Royal College of
Veterinary Medicine in Stockholm. It was recorded on a Siemens-Elema
Mingograf minor 3, an instrument still in use in our heartstation
in 2002! It has since 1975 produced thousands of high quality recordings
as a part at the work up of clinical cases.
The graphic recording of heart sounds and murmurs has proved to be very useful to establish diagnoses, in addition to other clinical examinations, such as thoracic radiography, ultrasound and post mortem examinations. The authors have accumulated a substantial knowledge of the interpretation of heart sounds and phonocardiograms from both clinical practice and research. This book and the enclosed CD is an attempt to share this knowledge with veterinary students and colleagues with an interest in cardiology. The book is intended to be used in combination with the enclosed CD as a teaching aid for learning auscultation and as a help in the interpretation of heart sounds and murmurs in dogs, cats and horses. The book, together with the audio CD, may also function as a heart sound library that can be used as an aid to interpret auscultatory findings and recorded phonocardiograms. The text will not cover detailed explanations or discussions about hemodynamics or pathophysiology with aspects of various diseases. These topics are excellently covered in other literature, some of which may be found in the reference list. The majority of the recordings on the enclosed CD are from patients but a few are made with a heart sound simulator. It is recommended to listen to the recordings with headphones rather than loudspeakers. This is because the sounds are easier to hear in this way and will more closely resemble the sounds heard through a stethoscope. |
